When it comes to oral hygiene, most people think simply of brushing their teeth to keep their breath fresh and their smile looking good, but this is a common misconception. In fact, it is not just about dental health; rather, it aims at the complete well-being of the whole body; numerous studies have in fact highlighted a correlation between oral health issues and various conditions related to the heart and brain, such as the risk of cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline in individuals at risk of dementia.
The function of teeth should not be reduced to mere chewing; in fact, due to their position and relationship with other peripheral structures, such as the nose and lips, teeth play a role of primary importance in speech articulation and social interaction.
Problems arising from poor oral hygiene do not concern merely physical or aesthetic aspects: they can also limit an individual’s ability to engage in social interactions. The prevention of dental and gum disease is based on the adoption and daily practice of specific guidelines relating to oral hygiene and dietary habits. Furthermore, regular visits to a specialist allow for the monitoring of any potential pathological developments.
As far as dietary habits are concerned, it is widely recognised that a high sugar intake leads to the formation of cavities caused by so-called cariogenic bacteria, which are responsible for the removal of phosphorus from the tooth structure. Regular check-ups are also essential in this case, as they provide a comprehensive overview and, as mentioned above, help prevent the development of bad habits. As for the patient, it has been widely demonstrated that proper oral hygiene at home aids in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. In this regard, for proper dental hygiene, it is recommended that you:
- brush your teeth after every meal for at least 2–3 minutes;
- use a toothbrush with a medium-to-small head so that you can reach all areas of the mouth; it is strongly recommended that you choose a toothbrush with medium-firm bristles, which help to avoid aggravating tooth sensitivity. In this regard, you should replace your toothbrush at least every two months, when the bristles become more brittle and less firm;
- brush all teeth thoroughly, avoiding horizontal movements, as these are ineffective at removing plaque and cause irreversible damage to the gums.
- Complete your oral hygiene routine by regularly using dental floss, which is an indispensable method for removing bacterial plaque from areas that cannot be reached with a toothbrush;
- Where possible, use a fluoride-based toothpaste. Fluoride is a valuable aid in preventing tooth decay as it strengthens the enamel, reducing the risk of demineralisation caused by bacterial flora.
